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Module 5Capstone 14 min

Capstone: Discover & analyze

Run discovery and analysis end-to-end on your question: grounded synthesis, the pre-committed analysis plan, the segmentation loop, and the findings memo.

Two weeks of the real work, compressed guidance edition. You know the moves; this lesson is the checklist and the traps we see capstone submissions actually hit.

Discovery week

  1. 1Run your 2-3 interviews with AI-drafted guides (non-leading — have AI check your questions for planted hypotheses before you walk in). Same-day synthesis, verbatim-quote rule, beliefs labeled as beliefs.
  2. 2Run the cross-interview pass. Contradictions and 'checkable claims' become your data checklist — exactly the Module 1 → Module 2 handoff.
  3. 3Update your hypothesis doc: what discovery strengthened, weakened, or added. Capstones that never update their hypothesis are either lucky or (more often) not listening.

Analysis week

  1. 1Get the analysis plan from AI before touching data — cuts, kill-criteria, alternative explanations. Paste it into your workspace; it's a submission artifact (reviewers check that the plan predates the findings).
  2. 2Run the loop: localize → find the bend → check the mechanism → test the counter-segment. Verify in your spreadsheet every number that will appear in the memo; log each one.
  3. 3Kill (or fail to kill) at least three alternative explanations, and record the cut that did it. 'What it isn't' is a required memo section.
  4. 4Write the findings memo (five-part structure) and put it through the hostile-CFO review. Fix what it catches. If the AI review finds nothing, your prompt was too polite — sharpen and rerun.
The three traps that sink capstones

(1) The definition drifts — the memo answers a subtly different question than the scoping doc asked; re-read your signed definition before writing. (2) The hypothesis survives on loyalty — if the data is ambiguous, say so; 'inconclusive, here's what would settle it' is a passing finding and a professional one. (3) The numbers log doesn't exist — reviewers ask 'where does this figure come from?' about two numbers, chosen at random. Instant answers pass; archaeology doesn't.

If your data is a mess

Real-work data will fight you: duplicate customers, mystery columns, definition changes mid-series. Budget for it, note each issue in the memo's confidence section, and treat it as material — 'the customer counts are unreliable because the CRM has duplicates' is a finding (and, incidentally, the sales pitch for Data Foundations and Meld). Don't silently clean; visibly caveat.